Southeast Asia · Animated schematic fronts
Vietnam War
The Vietnamese war involved extensive foreign participation; the start year follows a common periodisation.
The line is a schematic boundary of territory under one side's control at the dated moments, simplified from overview maps. Enclaves, shifting allies and contested districts are omitted; in-between frames are interpolated and closing edges are graphic and may include sea or uninvolved land. Between 1955 and 1975 the south had no front line: it was mainly a guerrilla war. The line shows the demarcation line at the 17th parallel, the Easter Offensive of 1972 and the final offensive of 1975.
Estimates & margins
- Deaths1.3m – 3.4m
The wide range reflects differing definitions, incomplete records and divergent estimates for Vietnamese military and civilian deaths.
Historians disagree on exact figures; the range shown reflects the scholarly literature.
- Front line
- Attack
Since the Geneva Accords (1954) a demilitarised zone at the 17th parallel has separated north and south.
- South Vietnam and allies
- North Vietnam and the NLF